Multi-period whole system optimisation of an integrated carbon dioxide capture, transportation and storage supply chain

Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is an essential part of the portfolio of technologies to achieve climate mitigation targets. Cost efficient and large scale deployment of CCS necessitates that all three elements of the supply chain (capture, transportation and storage) are coordinated and planned in an optimum manner both spatially and across time. However, there is relatively little experience in combining CO2 capture, transport and storage into a fully integrated CCS system and the existing research and system planning tools are limited. In particular, earlier research has focused on one component of the chain or they are deterministic steady-state supply chain optimisation models. The very few multi-period models are unable to simultaneously make design and operational decisions for the three components of the chain. The major contribution of this thesis is the development for the first time of a multi-period spatially explicit least cost optimization model of an integrated CO2 capture, transportation and storage infrastructure under both a deterministic and a stochastic modelling framework. The model can be used to design an optimum CCS system and model its long term evolution subject to realistic constraints and uncertainties. The model and its different variations are validated through a number of case studies analysing the evolution of the CCS system in the UK. These case studies indicate that significant cost savings can be achieved through a multi-period and integrated system planning approach. Moreover, the stochastic formulation of the model allows analysing the impact of a number of uncertainties, such as carbon pricing or plant decommissioning schedule, on the evolution of the CSS system. In conclusion, the model and the results presented in this thesis can be used for system planning purposes as well as for policy analysis and commercial appraisal of individual elements of the CCS network.Open Acces

Multi-period Least Cost Optimisation Model of an Integrated Carbon Dioxide Capture Transportation and Storage Infrastructure in the UK

AbstractThe commercial deployment of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology requires whole system optimisation of the CO2 supply, transport and storage chain under evolving targets or constraints. Most of the earlier attempts to model CCS networks were deterministic steady state models. The very few multi-period spatially explicit CCS models are unable to simultaneously make investment decisions for the three components of the chain for an overall cost optimal solution or they only demonstrate the evolution of the transport network. This work presents a multi-period spatially explicit least cost optimisation model of an integrated CO2 capture, transportation and storage infrastructure. The model is showcased through a case study focusing on the future UK CCS infrastructure. The solution demonstrates the investment requirement and operational strategy for all components of the chain at each phase and, hence, shows how the system evolves through four time periods up to year 2050. The non- intuitive results of the multi-period model confirm that such a tool is essential for large scale CCS deployment

Evaluation of the metformin effects on Anti-Müllerian Hormone in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trial

This is a Letter to the Editor and does not have an abstract

The Effect of Market and Leasing Conditions on the Techno-economic Performance of Complex CO2 transport and storage value chains

AbstractThe complex interplay of capital and operating costs that results from different CO2 transport and storage network configurations, and the market conditions in which they develop is investigated using the life cycle CO2 storage cost model and the multi-period CCS network optimisation model developed by Imperial College. These tools integrate seamlessly the geological characteristics, engineering aspects and the economics of complex CCS chains. The paper demonstrates that these models capture effectively and accurately the effects of market and leasing conditions on the techno-economic performance of complex CCS value chains. The results reveal that saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas fields may differ significantly in terms of cost performance. It is also shown that it is important to evaluate the technical and economic performance of the CCS value chain as a whole, rather than in individual components in order to ensure the financial viability of CCS projects

Knowledge, attitudes and experiences of self-harm and suicide in low-income and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review.

From Europe PMC via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: ppub 2021-06-01, epub 2021-06-22Publication status: PublishedIntroductionOver 800 000 people die due to suicide each year and suicide presents a huge psychological, economic and social burden for individuals, communities and countries as a whole. Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately affected by suicide. The strongest risk factor for suicide is a previous suicide attempt, and other types of self-harm have been found to be robust predictors of suicidal behaviour. An approach that brings together multiple sectors, including education, labour, business, law, politics and the media is crucial to tackling suicide and self-harm. The WHO highlights that evaluations of the knowledge and attitudes that priority groups, not only healthcare staff, have of mental health and suicidal behaviour are key to suicide prevention strategies. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the knowledge, attitudes and experiences different stakeholders in LMICs have of self-harm and suicide.Methods and analysisMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, BNI, Social Sciences and Cochrane Library will be searched. Reviewers working independently of each other will screen search results, select studies for inclusion, extract and check extracted data, and rate the quality of the studies using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology and Critical Appraisals Skills Programme checklists. In anticipation of heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis of quantitative studies will be provided and metaethnography will be used to synthesise qualitative studies.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. A report will be provided for the funding body, and the systematic review will be submitted for publication in a high-impact, peer-reviewed, open access journal. Results will also be disseminated at conferences, seminars, congresses and symposia, and to relevant stakeholders.Prospero registration numberCRD42019135323

Prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder in South Asia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundSuicidal ideation and attempts are growing public health concerns globally. Evidence from high-income countries suggests that individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder are at increased risk of suicidal ideation and attempts, but there is a scarcity of evidence from South Asia.AimsTo estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts in individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder in South Asia.MethodIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, four databases (PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE and Medline) were searched until December 2022. Pooled prevalence was estimated with random-effects models. Heterogeneity was quantified with the I2-statistic.ResultsThe pooled sample size across the 21 studies was 3745 participants, 1941 (51.8%) of which were male. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts in South Asian people with either psychosis or bipolar disorder was 22% (95% CI 17-27; n = 15). The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation with psychosis or bipolar disorder combined was 38% (95% CI 27-51; n = 10). Meta-regression, subgroup and sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled prevalence estimates for both suicide attempt and ideation remained unaffected by variations in critical appraisal ratings and study designs. Only one study reported data on suicide-related deaths.ConclusionsOne in four individuals diagnosed with psychosis or bipolar disorder have reported suicide attempts, whereas up to one in three have experienced suicidal ideation. These findings underscore the urgent need for clinicians to regularly assess and monitor suicidal ideation and attempts among individuals with these disorders in South Asia

Real options analysis of CO2 transport and storage in the UK continental shelf under geological and market uncertainties and the viability of subsidies for market development

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) stakeholders focusing on transport and storage aspects need to consider a wide range of risks and uncertainties, categorised as market, regulatory, geological and technical risks and uncertainties. This paper presents a real options based investment decision making framework which has been designed to consider these, optimise flexibility at network infrastructure level, and appraise the viability of subsidies for market development, so that investors or regulators can confidently and quantitatively evaluate incentives that can support CCS deployment at large scale. The paper describes the models developed for this purpose and demonstrates the application of the modelling framework for a realistically designed UK North Sea CO 2 storage network

A statistical learning approach to model the uncertainties in reservoir quality for the assessment of CO2 storage performance in the lower Permian Rotliegend Group in the Mid North Sea High Area

It has been identified that the Rotliegend sandstone reservoir in the Mid North Sea High region, in the UK Quadrants 27-29, has a large-scale CO 2 storage potential of national importance. In this paper, the authors develop a reservoir model using extensive datasets available from seismic interpretations and core analysis. An advanced statistical learning approach was applied to characterise the uncertainties in the spatial distribution of reservoir quality. The model was used to assess the CO 2 injection performance and the preliminary results obtained thusfar indicate promise in the available storage capacities